探析电气工程训练与电工电子的技术应用

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【摘要】分析我院在电气工程训练实践教学中存在的不足,提出一项教学改进措施,即对原有的实践教学内容进行提炼和整合,增加有关电子产品制作方面的内容,加强电工电子技术在训练中的应用,推进实践教学和现代生产实践的紧密结合。

【 abstract 】 analyzed shortcomings in the course of training in electrical engineering practice teaching, a teaching improvement measures are put forward, namely the original refining and integrating practice teaching content, increase the contents of the electronic products production, strengthen the electrical and electronic technology in the application of training, to promote the practice teaching and modern combined closely with the production practice. 　　【关键词】电工电子技术 实践教学 生产实践 【 key words 】 electrician electronic technology practice teaching practice 　　 　　1 引言 1 introduction 　　电气工程训练是我院面向工科非电专业及大文科专业开设的一门公共实践课程,学习的主要内容就是安全用电常识和基本的电工电子技术知识及实践操作技能。 Electrical engineering training for engineering course is our big non-electric professional and liberal arts majors to open a course in public practice, the main content of study is the safe common sense and basic knowledge of electrical and electronic technology and the practice operation skills. 　　 　　2 实践教学的现状和改进措施 2 practice teaching present situation and the improvement measures 　　(1)实践课程简介 (1) practical courses introduction 　　根据专业的不同,电气工程训练有两个教学模式。对于工科非电专业,开设电气工程训练A,共40学时;围绕三相笼型异步电动机的控制,训练工科学生一些简单的电气控制方法、控制手段,使之理解电气控制方面的基本知识和操作技能,了解电气控制在工程中的应用。对于大文科专业,开设电气工程训练B,共40学时;通过室内照明电路的设计、安装、调试与检修实践,让学生懂得安全用电,学习常用电工工具和仪表的使用,掌握最基本的电工技能。 According to different specialty, the electrical engineering practice, there are two teaching mode. Electrical engineering training for engineering non-electric speciality, offering A, A total of 40 hours; Around three phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor's control, training of engineering students some simple electric control method, control means, make the understanding of electrical control aspects of the basic knowledge and operation skills, understanding of electric control in the engineering application. Open electrical engineering training for liberal arts majors, B, a total of 40 hours; Through indoor lighting circuit design, installation, debugging and maintenance practice, let the students know the safety electricity, learning common electrician tools and instrument use, to master the basic skills of electrician. 　　(2)实践教学存在的不足之处 (2) the shortcomings existing in the practice teaching 　　从近三年的教学实践过程看,存在的不足之处有两点: From the course of nearly three years of teaching practice, there are two shortcomings existing in the: 　　第一,教学内容不够充实,学生做起来前紧后松。为期一周的电工训练,前三天的实践内容是理论教学和基础实践;后两天的内容是创新设计,占用时间偏长。 First, the teaching content is not enough full, students QianJinHouSong do. A week-long electrician training, the first three days of practice content is the theory teaching and practice; After two days is the content of the innovation design, longer holding time. 　　第二,教学实践内容和现代生产实践结合度不够,电工电子技术含量偏低。电气工程训练A的实践内容是交流电动机的交流接触器控制线路;电气工程训练B的实践内容是照明电路的安装实践,在电路中用的是电感式镇流器。在科技发展日新月异的今天,这些电路已不是最常用的电路了。 Second, teaching content and the modern production practice is not spent, electrical and electronic technology content is low. Electrical engineering training is A practice content of the ac motor ac contactor control circuit; Electrical engineering practice training B content is lighting circuit installation practices, the circuit is used in the inductive ballast. In today's rapid development in science and technology, the circuit is not the most commonly used circuit. 　　(3)实践教学改进措施 (3) practical teaching improvement measures 　　针对在电气工程训练中存在的现状,对原有的实践教学内容进行提炼和整合,在电气工程训练中增加电子产品制作的内容。对于非电专业的学生,可以选择制作一些和已有的实践项目相关且简单实用的电气产品。参加电气工程训练A的学生,可以选作PLC控制器;参加电气工程训练B的同学,可以选作电子镇流器。学生在电工实践过程中,通过对电气产品的研制、组装和调试的亲身体验,了解电工电子技术的应用,探知最前沿的科学技术,推进实践教学和现代生产实践的紧密结合。 According to current situation of existing in the training in electrical engineering, to refine the original content of practice teaching and the integration, in electrical engineering training to increase the content of the electronic products production. For non-electric majors, can choose to make some practice and existing projects and related electrical products of simple and practical. Electrical engineering training A student, can be chosen for the PLC controller; Students participating in the electrical engineering training B, can be chosen for electronic ballast. Students in electrical engineering practice, through to the electrical product development, assembly and debugging experience, understand the electrician electronic technology application, get to the forefront of science and technology, to promote the practice teaching and modern combined closely with the production practice. 　　 　　3 实践教学改进后的实施方案 Three practice teaching improvement after the implementation of the scheme 　　(1)实践教学内容 (1) the practice of teaching content 　　电气工程训练实践经过改进后的教学内容可概括为四个教学环节、六大教学模块。四个教学环节包括理论教学、基础实践、创新设计和产品制作;六大教学模块包括元器件认识、工具仪表使用、电路原理和电路设计、线路板制作、组装和配线、调试和检修。 After improvement, the electrical engineering training practice teaching contents can be summarized as four teaching link, the six big teaching modules. Four teaching includes theory teaching, practice, innovation, design and product production; Teaching module includes six components knowledge, tools, instruments used, circuit principle and circuit design, circuit board production, assembly and wiring, debugging and maintenance. 　　在教学实践过程中,六大教学模块的实施是渗透在四个教学环节中完成的。可以看出,和电气工程训练B相比,电气工程训练A的电工电子技术信息含量大、实践操作难度高。 In the process of teaching practice, the implementation of the six big teaching modules is completed in four teaching steps. Training compared to B, as you can see, and electrical engineering electrical engineering training A electrician electronic technology information, high practical difficulty. 　　(2)教学实施方案 (2) the teaching implementation plan 　　教学内容的难易程度以及时间安排不是一成不变的,在教学过程中需要把握三点: To the difficulty of the teaching content and time arrangement is not static, in the teaching process to grasp the three points: 　　第一,理论与实践相结合。理论教师在理论教学环节主要讲解安全用电常识、元器件认识与检测、电气原理图识图、实践操作技能四方面知识。脱离实践操作的理论知识不用讲,和实践操作联系不大的理论知识要少讲。通过理论教学,学生可以运用掌握的理论知识指导自己的电气工程实践,这才是理论教学的真正目的。 First, the combination of theory and practice. Teachers in theory teaching theory mainly explain the safe sense, components meet with testing, electrical schematic knowledge chart, practical skills in four aspects of knowledge. Not from the practice of theoretical knowledge, and practice operation has little theoretical knowledge should speak less. Through theory teaching, students can apply to master theoretical knowledge to guide their own electrical engineering practice, this is the real purpose of teaching theory. 　　第二,因材施教。专业不同,采用的教学方法和教学手段就不同,讲授的教学内容也不同;专业相同基础不同,教学内容的侧重点就不同,对三表学生要突出应用能力和实践技能的[培养,对素质高、学习能力强的学生要进行精英培养 Second, according to their aptitude. Professional different, the use of teaching methods and teaching means are different, the teaching of the teaching content is different; Same major basis is different, the emphasis of the teaching content is different, to table 3 student outstanding application ability and practical skills of [training, for students with high quality and strong ability to learn to elite culture 第三,课内教学与课外活动相结合。对于参加电气工程训练兴趣高、产品制作有独到见解的学生,教师要积极引导,把课内教学内容和学生课外科研活动、素质教育活动有机结合起来,并给予必要的指导。 Third, the combination of in-class teaching with extracurricular activities. In electrical engineering for high interest in training, have particular understanding of the product to make the students, teachers should actively guide, the classroom teaching content and students' extracurricular scientific activities, quality education activities organically, and to give necessary guidance. 　　(3)激发学生兴趣的方法 (3) stimulate students interest in methods 　　为了更好地完成教学任务,实现预期的教学目标,要充分调动学生参与实践的主观能动性,激发学生的兴趣和培养创新意识。 In order to better complete the teaching task and achieve the teaching goal, to fully mobilize the students to participate in the practice of subjective initiative, stimulate students' interest and cultivate the innovative consciousness. 　　第一,确定灵活、直观的教学方法。在理论和实践教学过程中,结合板书、多媒体课件及实物展示等教学手段,采用演示教学和渐进式启发教学相结合的教学方式,在激发学生兴趣、培养自学和独立思考能力等方面下功夫,使教学效果不断提升。对于基础实践项目,主要以演示教学为主,通过演示教学,学生把容易理解和接受的感性知识上升为可以指导自己实践操作的理性知识。对于创新实践项目,主要以渐进式启发教学为主。通过启发教学,开阔学生的思路,培养同学们独立完成实践项目的能力。 First, determine the flexible, intuitive teaching method. In theory and in practice teaching process, combined with blackboard writing, multimedia courseware and teaching means such as physical display, demonstration teaching and incremental inspired teaching with the combination of teaching methods, to stimulate students interest and cultivate self-study and independent thinking ability, etc, put forth effort, make the teaching effect. Basis for project practice, mainly teaching demonstration, through demonstration teaching, the students easy to understand and accept the perceptual knowledge rise to rational knowledge to guide their practice operation. For innovative practice project, mainly composed of gradual enlightenment teaching. Through heuristic teaching, widen the thinking of students, cultivate the students ability to practice project independently. 　　第二,采用不同的考核标准。在教学过程中,要根据不同专业、不同基础的学生,调整实践项目在量和质上的要求,制定相应的考核标准,让每个学生都能体验到完成实践项目的成就感,激发学生的学习兴趣。学生有了兴趣,教学目的就容易达到了。 Second, adopt different evaluation criteria. In the teaching process, according to the different specialty, different students, adjust the practice project in terms of quantity and quality request, formulates the corresponding inspection standards, let every student can complete practical project experience a sense of achievement, stimulate students' interest in learning. Students have the interest, teaching purpose is easily achieved. 　　第三,实行多方位的奖励制度。在基础实践环节,可以把一个班级分成几组,组和组之间比赛,哪个组完成的又快又好,哪个组就有额外加分,并把名次写在黑板上。这样就能激发学生之间团结合作、协同作战的意识和动力。在产品制作实践环节,可以把课内教学和课外的素质教育活动相结合,给成绩优异者颁发获奖证书和奖金,鼓励学生参加科研活动。 Third, implement multi-azimuth reward system. In basic practice, can a class into several groups, between group and group, which group completed quickly and well, which group has the extra points, and write the places on the blackboard. So that it can arouse the students' consciousness of unity and cooperation, cooperative engagement between and motivation. In production practice, can put the quality of classroom teaching and extracurricular education activities, to the top students receive award the certificate and bonus and encourage students to participate in research activities. 　　 　　4 结语 4 conclusion 　　在电气工程训练的教学实践中,我们本着与时俱进、勇于创新的精神,不断提炼和整合实践教学内容,着重培养学生的团队精神、工程实践能力和创新意识。学生在实践过程中,通过对电工电子线路和电气产品的设计、组装和调试的亲身体验,了解电工电子技术的应用;探知最前沿的科学技术,增强求知欲望,培养自我发展的能力。 In electrical engineering training teaching practice, we based on the spirit of advancing with The Times, innovation, constantly refining and integrating practice teaching content, focus on cultivating the students' team spirit, engineering practice ability and innovation consciousness. Students in the process of practice, through to the electrical and electronic circuits and electrical products design, assembly and debugging experience, knowledge of electrical and electronic technology application; Ascertain the forefront of science and technology, enhance the seeking knowledge desire, cultivate the ability to self development.